References
-
Fitsum, S., Sbhatu, D. B. & Gebreyohannes, G. Harnessing the nutritional Value, therapeutic Applications, and environmental impact of mushrooms. Food Sci. Nutr. 13, e70611 (2025).
-
El-Ramady, H. et al. Plant nutrition for human health: a pictorial review on plant bioactive compounds for sustainable agriculture. Sustainability 14, 8329 (2022).
-
Sevindik, M., Bal, C., Eraslan, E. C., Uysal, I. & Mohammed, F. S. Medicinal mushrooms: a comprehensive study on their antiviral potential. Prospects Pharm. Sci. 21, 42–56 (2023).
-
Gogoi, P., Chutia, P., Singh, P. & Mahanta, C. L. Effect of optimized ultrasound-assisted aqueous and ethanolic extraction of pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom on total phenol, flavonoids and antioxidant properties. J. Food Process Eng. 42, e13172 (2019).
-
Gürgen, A. & Sevindik, M. Application of artificial neural network coupling multiobjective particle swarm optimization algorithm to optimize pleurotus ostreatus extraction parameters. J. Food Process. Preserv. 46, e16949 (2022).
-
Sambyal, K. & Singh, R. V. A comprehensive review on Morchella importuna: cultivation aspects, phytochemistry, and other significant applications. Folia Microbiol. 66, 147–157 (2021).
-
Kumar, A., Sharma, V. P. & Kumar, S. Studies on domestication of the true Morel Morchella importuna in India. Indian Phytopathol. 77, 301–310 (2024).
-
Zhang, Y. et al. Comprehensive investigation on non-volatile and volatile flavor compounds in the Morchella sextelata and Morchella importuna by UPLC-MS/MS and GC× GC-TOF-MS. Food Chemistry: X. 20, 100961 (2023).
-
Peng, D. et al. A new GlcNAc-containing polysaccharide from Morchella importuna fruiting bodies: structural characterization and Immunomodulatory activities in vitro and in vivo. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 192, 1134–1149 (2021).
-
Wen, Y. et al. Structural characterization and Immunomodulatory mechanisms of two novel glucans from Morchella importuna fruiting bodies. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 183, 145–157 (2021).
-
Xu, Y. et al. Morchella importuna flavones improve intestinal integrity in dextran sulfate sodium-challenged mice. Front. Microbiol. 12, 742033 (2021).
-
Pan, X. et al. In-depth investigation of the hypoglycemic mechanism of Morchella importuna polysaccharide via metabonomics combined with 16S rRNA sequencing. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 220, 659–670 (2022).
-
Amangeldinova, M. et al. Simultaneous quantitative screening of 53 phytochemicals from rheum Tataricum L. roots: a comparative study of supercritical CO2, subcritical ethanol, and ultrasound-assisted extraction for enhanced antioxidant, antibacterial activities, and molecular Docking study. Front. Plant Sci. 15, 1513875 (2024).
-
Necip, A. & Durgun, M. Antioxidant properties, total phenolic content and LC-MS/MS analysis of mentha pulegium, lepidium Draba and Centaurea solstitialis. J. Inst. Sci. Technol. 12, 2375–2385 (2022).
-
Erel, O. A novel automated direct measurement method for total antioxidant capacity using a new generation, more stable ABTS radical cation. Clin. Biochem. 37, 277–285 (2004).
-
Erel, O. A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clin. Biochem. 38, 1103–1111 (2005).
-
Sevindik, M. Anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant and DNA protective potential of mushroom leucopaxillus Gentianeus (Quél.) Kotl. Indian J. Experimental Biology (IJEB). 59, 310–315 (2021).
-
Ünal, O. et al. Optimization of Phellinus hartigii extracts: biological activities, and phenolic content analysis. BMC Complement. Med. Ther. 25, 113 (2025).
-
Ellman, G. L., Courtney, K. D., Andres Jr, V. & Featherstone, R. M. A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem. Pharmacol. 7, 88–95 (1961).
-
Al Qutaibi, M. & Kagne, S. R. Exploring the phytochemical compositions, antioxidant activity, and nutritional potentials of edible and medicinal mushrooms. Int. J. Microbiol., 2024, 6660423. (2024).
-
Semaming, Y., Pannengpetch, P., Chattipakorn, S. C. & Chattipakorn, N. Pharmacological properties of protocatechuic acid and its potential roles as complementary medicine. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015, 593902. (2015).
-
Mohammed, F. S., Sevindik, M., Uysal, İ. & Sabik, A. E. Quercetin: derivatives, biosynthesis, biological activity, Pharmacological and therapeutic effects. Prospects Pharm. Sci. 21, 49–56 (2023).
-
Yazar, M., Sevindik, M., Uysal, I. & Polat, A. O. Effects of caffeic acid on human health: Pharmacological and therapeutic Effects, biological activity and toxicity. Pharm. Chem. J. 59, 44–55 (2025).
-
Liao, X. et al. Cellular antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of Morchella conica Pers. Polyphenols in vitro. J. Food Nutr. Res. 5, 742–749 (2017).
-
Wagay, J. A. et al. Phenolic profiling and antioxidant capacity of Morchella esculenta L. by chemical and electrochemical methods at multiwall carbon nanotube paste electrode. J. Food Meas. Charact. 13, 1805–1819 (2019).
-
Acar, İ. et al. The phenolic profile and biological activities of the wild-edible mushrooms Helvella Leucopus and Morchella pulchella. J. Food Meas. Charact. 15, 555–566 (2021).
-
Zhai, F. H., Yan, M. Q. & Wang, Y. Extraction optimization, identification using UPLC–tandem mass spectrometry, and antioxidant properties of polyphenols from the fruit body of Morchella sextelata. J. Food Sci. 89, 9214–9229 (2024).
-
Tian, Y. et al. Extraction and optimization of polyphenols from Morchella spp. Using ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvents: potential intervention for type 2 diabetes mellitus. J. Food Sci. 90, e70145 (2025).
-
Joshi, T., Deepa, P. & Sharma, P. K. Effect of different proportions of phenolics on antioxidant potential: Pointers for bioactive Synergy/Antagonism in foods and nutraceuticals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences. 92, 939–946 (2022).
-
Skroza, D. et al. Investigation of antioxidant synergisms and antagonisms among phenolic acids in the model matrices using FRAP and ORAC methods. Antioxidants 11, 1784 (2022).
-
Abdelkader, M. A. E., Mediatrice, H., Lin, D., Lin, Z. & Aggag, S. A. Mitigating oxidative stress and promoting cellular longevity with mushroom extracts. Foods 13, 4028 (2024).
-
Liu, Q., Zhao, Z., Dong, H. & Dong, C. Reactive oxygen species induce sclerotial formation in Morchella importuna. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 102, 7997–8009 (2018).
-
Wang, F. et al. DPPH radical scavenging activity of new phenolics from the fermentation broth of mushroom Morehella importuna. Molecules 28, 4760 (2023).
-
Necip, A. et al. Isolation of phenolic compounds from eco-friendly white bee propolis: Antioxidant, wound‐healing, and anti‐Alzheimer effects. Food Sci. Nutr. 12, 1928–1939 (2024).
-
Eraslan, E. C. et al. Some biological activities and element contents of ethanol extract of wild edible mushroom Morchella esculenta. Sigma J. Eng. Nat. Sci. 39, 24–28 (2021).
-
Sevindik, M., Gürgen, A., Korkmaz, A. F. & Akata, I. Optimizing Ultrasonic-Assisted extraction process of paralepista flaccida: A comparative study of Antioxidant, Anticholinesterase, and antiproliferative activities via response surface methodology and artificial neural network modeling. Molecules 30, 3317 (2025).
-
Gürgen, A. & Sevindik, M. Single and Multi-Objective optimization of the red pine mushroom lactarius deliciosus (Agaricomycetes) extraction conditions using artificial intelligence methods and biological activities of optimized extracts. Int. J. Med. Mushrooms. 27, 59–73 (2025).
-
Sevindik, M., Gürgen, A., Khassanov, V. T. & Bal, C. Biological activities of ethanol extracts of hericium Erinaceus obtained as a result of optimization analysis. Foods 13, 1560 (2024).
-
Gürgen, A., Unal, O. & Sevindik, M. Biological activities of the golden Chantarelle mushroom Cantharellus cibarius (Agaricomycetes) extracts obtained as a result of single and multi-objective optimization studies. Int. J. Med. Mushrooms. 26, 63–74 (2024).
-
Wei, Y. M. et al. Triterpenoids as bivalent and dual inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase/butyrylcholinesterase from the fruiting bodies of inonotus obliquus. Phytochemistry 200, 113182 (2022).
-
Švestková, P., Balík, J. & Soural, I. Synergistic effect of selected carboxylic acids and phenolic compounds detected by the FRAP method. Food Chemistry: X. 23, 101573 (2024).
-
Badshah, S. L. et al. Isolation, characterization, and medicinal potential of polysaccharides of Morchella esculenta. Molecules 26, 1459 (2021).
-
İzol, E. et al. Research of peganum harmala: phytochemical Content, mineral Profile, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, anticholinergic Properties, and molecular Docking. Chemistry & Biodiversity, 22, e202403178 (2025).
-
Necip, A. Cornus Mas L. Seeds as a potent natural antioxidant source: insights from phenolic profiling and antioxidant capacity assays. J. Oleo Sci. 74, 897–908 (2025).
-
Çirak, O., Necip, A., Isık, M. & Beydemir, Ş. Antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase potentials, ADME estimations and molecular Docking studies of green algae extracts. Eur. J. Life Sci. 4, 24–35 (2025).
-
Yildirim, M., Necip, A., Cimentepe, M., Emire, Z. & Yabalak, E. Bioactive potential of Origanum munzurense kit Tan & Sorger extracts: Antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial activities explored through Sc-CO2 extraction and molecular Docking analysis. Journal Chromatogr. B, 1259, 124614 (2025).
-
Wasser, S. P. Medicinal mushrooms in human clinical studies. Part I. Anticancer, oncoimmunological, and Immunomodulatory activities: a review. International J. Med. Mushrooms 19, 279–317 (2017).
-
Haq, F. U., Imran, M., Saleem, S., Rafi, A. & Jamal, M. Investigation of three Morchella species for anticancer activity against colon cancer cell lines by UPLC-MS-based chemical analysis. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 195, 486–504 (2023).
-
Xiong, C. et al. Induction of apoptosis in HeLa cells by a novel peptide from fruiting bodies of Morchella importuna via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2021, 5563367. (2021).
-
Haq, F. U. et al. Chemical characterization and cytotoxic effect of three edible fungi (Morchella) against breast cancer cells: A therapeutic approach. Kuwait J. Sci. 52, 100285 (2025).
