Data availability
The datasets supporting the conclusions of this article are included within the article and its supplementary information file.
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Funding
This research project is supported by King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Thailand Science Research and Innovation (TSRI), and National Science, Research and Innovation Fund (NSRF) Fiscal year 2025 Grant No. FRB680074/0164 and Agricultural Research Development Agency (ARDA) Grant No. CRP6405031040 to (D.W.-Z. and K.P.), Petchra Pra Jom Klao Ph.D. Research Scholarship from King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi Grant No. 1/2564 (to S.S.).
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Competing interests
A.C.K. is a cofounder and consultant for biotechnology companies Tectonic Therapeutic and Seismic Therapeutic, and also for the Institute for Protein Innovation, a nonprofit research institute. The other authors do not have any competing interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.
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Sirimanakul, S., Hurley, J.D., Thaiprayoon, A. et al. Modified protein selection strategy based on Escherichia coli’s Hitchhiker transport and validation through selection of nanobodies targeting bovine interferon gamma. Sci Rep (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-43280-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-43280-7
