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Author notes

1. These authors contributed equally: Shuai Zhang, Yiliang Jin.

Authors and Affiliations

1. CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, State Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

   Shuai Zhang, Yiliang Jin, Yaxin Hou, Guoheng Tang, Zhuoran Wang, Xuehui Chen, Xiyun Yan & Kelong Fan

2. Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China

   Shuai Zhang & Yiliang Jin

3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

   Shuai Zhang

4. Nanozyme Medical Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China

   Xiyun Yan & Kelong Fan

5. Nanozyme Laboratory in Zhongyuan, Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science, Zhengzhou, China

   Xiyun Yan & Kelong Fan

Contributions

S.Z. and Y.J. contributed equally to this work. K.F., X.C., and S.Z. designed the concept. X.C., X.Y., and K.F. supervised the study. X.C., S.Z., and Y.J. designed the methodology. X.C., S.Z., and Y.J. optimized the material structure, protocol, and applications. X.C., S.Z., Y.J., Y.H., G.T. and Z.W. performed the experiments. X.C., S.Z. and Y.J. analyzed the data. S.Z. drafted the manuscript, and all the authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All the authors contributed to the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Xuehui Chen, Xiyun Yan or Kelong Fan.

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Peer review information

Nature Communications thanks the anonymous reviewers for their contribution to the peer review of this work. A peer review file is available.

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