Data availability
Source data are provided with this paper. The main data supporting the results in this study are available within the paper and its Supplementary Information. The single-cell RNA sequencing data can be accessed from the Genome Sequence Archive (GSA) under the accession number CRA023627 (https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/gsub/submit/gsa/subCRA038363/finishedOverview), and the bulk RNA sequencing data under accession number CRA023617 (https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/gsub/submit/gsa/subCRA038350/finishedOverview). Additional raw dataset, mRNA template, and cell lines described in this study are available upon request from the corresponding author (Prof. Sitao Xie, xiesitao@him.cas.cn) and subject to an executed Materials Transfer Agreement with Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences. Source data are provided with this paper.
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Acknowledgements
Authors acknowledge support from the Shared Instrumentation Core Facility, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences. National Key Research and Development Program of China 2022YFC3401402 (S.X.). National Key Research and Development Program of China 2023YFC3405100 (X.L.). National Natural Science Foundation of China T2188102 (W.T.). National Natural Science Foundation of China 22104133 (S.X.). National Natural Science Foundation of China 32201143 (X.L.). Hangzhou Institute of Medicine Chinese Academy of Sciences 2024ZZBS02 (S.X.). Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China LDQ23B050001 (S.X.). Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China LDQ24B020002 (X.L.). Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China LQ22B020007 (C.Z.).
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Competing interests
The authors have filed a patent application (CN202410159815.8; Title: Methods for generating multifunctional CAR-Ms in situ and their application in immunotherapy; W.T., S.X., K.G., X.L., P.Z. and C.Z. are co-inventors) for some aspects of this work. The authors declare no competing interests.
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Gu, K., Liang, T., Hu, L. et al. Intraperitoneal programming of tailored CAR macrophages via mRNA lipid nanoparticle to boost cancer immunotherapy. Nat Commun (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-67674-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-67674-9
